Trouble with Comics

Month

April 2010

44 posts

Daily Breakdowns 080 - Years of the Elephant

Years of the Elephant

Writer/Artist - Willy Linthout

Publisher - PonentMon

Humans, we get on with it. Whatever befalls us, we tend to do our best to get back to our comfortable routine, what we do well or enjoy doing. Tragedy strikes, and before long the baseball player is back on the diamond, the actor out of the house and back making movies, the guitarist back playing the blues. In a couple of those occupations, I’m picturing real people, real men who suffered the ultimate horror of outliving a child. And now we have Willy Linthout, Flemish cartoonist, opened his front door to neighbors informing him his own son had jumped to his death from the roof of their apartment building. This is how Years of the Elephant begins, and from that point on it chronicles Linthout’s struggles to hold onto his sanity in the face of terrible grief, guilt and regret.

Linthout’s career up to this point was primarily as a humor cartoonist, so his dumpy, goggle-eyed little everyman is at first disconcerting: is this how one honors a dead son, with old hat cartooning tricks like worry lines and beads of sweat shooting off the character’s forehead? Linkhout mitigates his standard style by leaving the pages in pencil form, emphasizing their urgency. The reader understands this is not about craft but about catharsis, and so much can be forgiven if not every sequence sings or flows seamlessly into the other.

Much of the book is a series of hallucinogenic episodes, Linthout’s grief attacking his mind in different ways. He sees multiple versions of his insensitive boss. The chalk outline of his son’s body appears before him, while his son’s spirit seems to be trying to communicate to him in Morse code. He acts out in ways understandable but also shocking, even criminal. He takes longer to start to pull through than many, his delusions involving his son bringing him some small measure of comfort that may be lost if he starts to heal. There is no truly accurate timetable for the stages of grief, and so there was probably not much of an outline for the book. It takes as long as it takes. It’s a harrowing journey where hope takes a long time to appear, but eventually it’s there, in as simple a gesture as slightly changing the art style to represent the passing of something. 

—Christopher Allen

Apr 30, 2010
#posts by Chris Allen #Years of the Elephant #breakdowns
Guest Reviewer Month - C. Tyler on Binky Brown Meets the Holy Virgin Mary

Binky Brown Meets the Holy Virgin Mary by Justin Green

Reviewed by C. Tyler, long time Binky fan.

There are two boxes of the just reissued Binky Brown in his hallway. Sent by the publisher, they are Justin’s complimentary copies. Still in the boxes, yet unopened.

It’s not surprising. Those two boxes will probably remain like that for quite a long time. You see Justin is perpetually reticent about his great work. Sending copies to people, marketing, promotion — it’s

just not his thing. In fact, this whole reprint project spearheaded by Art Spiegelman with McSweeney’s has made him feel uncomfortably exposed again, as it did when he created Binky almost 40 years ago.

Why is this, you may wonder. Well when you read this book you will have the answer.

This underground classic from the comix era has held up. It remains a “ray” of pure genius. It is considered to be one of the most significant, groundbreaking contributions to comics history and Justin

is considered the Father of the Autobiographical comic. It has earned this designation not only because of its humor, artistry and craftsmanship but also because of its honest, unflinching appraisal

and confrontation of one’s personal truth.

In support, I have listed here 5 salient points, in no particular order, that explain a little more why this is.

Innovation in form

Binky Brown Meets the Holy Virgin Mary was produced during the early days of the San Francisco Underground, when artists departed from the norm (DC/Marvel) and reinvented the form. Emphasis was on ‘anything goes’ in terms of subject matter, creator owned content produced with no editorial input. Justin was on the forefront of this energy. Without contract or provocation, he produced this remarkable work. Printed by Last Gasp, it was the first comic to grind away at the problems of self.

The personal

Despite the overwhelming compulsion/revulsion it took to produce it, Justin tackled sensitive, difficult and (for that time) stigmatized subject matter, i.e. mental illness. His foray into this taboo subject

matter was a first of its kind and opened the door to the flood of confessional/self-referenced style comics that have followed.

Some people think that Binky Brown is a “fantastic” story in the sense of having a manufactured intensity, that Justin had tweaked the truth here and there in order to intensify the drama of his situation.

Nothing could be further from the truth. This is an honest and painful work, representing Justin’s reality then as it still does today.

Character empathy

When I first read Binky almost 30 years ago, I loved it for the places where it intersected with my own experiences: the 50s, Catholicism gone awry, the Chicagoland area. But I also loved the personal feel of the work. Right away, I felt empathy for him, the author/character. I couldn’t believe how the story jumped off the page and shot directly at me — I had never had this experience from a comic book before.

Literacy

Binky is impressive in its literacy. It’s amazing how skillfully Justin orchestrated the tone and timbre of language and expression, juggling the erudite with the colloquial in a manner that seems

effortless. The narrator’s voice is memorable and the emotional range of the character as expressed through language is significant, melding perfectly with the visual language, which brings me to …

Funk meets tradition

Binky Brown has an awkward elegance, drawn with a mastery that is rooted in the print tradition. Justin created a totally original visual lexicon, balanced it with traditional drafting skills and then goosed it with a raw twist of funk. His pages are structurally sound, the figures and details artfully and succinctly describe Binky’s world. The lettering – superb. No wonder that Justin went on from this comic to become a master sign lettering man.

Justin is the real deal. He doesn’t follow the trends. He risks. He gets in there and yanks out this incredible stuff, root canal style. He is the ultimate idiosyncratic artist. A loner. A creative genius. A

madman. That’s what you want out of an innovator and a National Treasure, which I believe he is.

So if you haven’t yet read Binky, smack yo’self up-side the head and go get a copy. It is a bookshelf essential. Along with his other works, like Sacred and Profane, Show & Tell, The Sign Game, Musical

Legends and many others.

On the back of Binky Brown it proclaims the book to be ‘Must reading for Neurotics of All Creeds’. No doubt, this is a mandate for all of us.

C. Tyler is a comics creator who was first influenced by Binky Brown back in the 1980s. An Eisner nominated artist/writer, Ms. Tyler is the author of three solo books, The Job Thing (1993), Late Bloomer (2005) and her current project, a trilogy entitled You’ll Never Know. Book I: A Good & Decent Man was published in 2009. YNK Book II: Collateral Damage is due out July 2010, with YNK Book III: Soldier’s Heart scheduled for 2011. All published by Fantagraphics

Ms. Tyler is an Adjunct Professor of Art at the University of Cincinnati DAAP School of Art. Comics, Graphic Novels and Sequential Art is the title of her course.

www.bloomerland.com

Apr 30, 2010
#guest reviewer month #Carol Tyler #Binky Brown
Guest Reviewer Month: Blake Bell on Golden Age Marvel Comics Omnibus Volume 1 (Or, “Why Bill Everett is the most important comic-book creator that you don’t know about.”)

“If the doors of perception were cleansed everything would appear to man as it is, infinite. For man has closed himself up, till he sees all things through narrow chinks of his cavern.”

—William Blake’s The Marriage of Heaven and Hell

Everything you don’t know (and should) about why Bill Everett made the single most important contribution to superhero comic-book history can be found in Marvel’s Oct’ 09 massive hardcover release - Golden Age Marvel Comics Omnibus Volume 1 – $125 and 70 years in the making.

Reprinting Marvel Comics #1 and the subsequent eleven issues of (the renamed) Marvel Mystery Comics, the volume is more than a historical touchstone for the company that would become known as Marvel. Featured within all twelve issues is Bill Everett’s seminal creation, the Sub-Mariner – resetting the superhero archetype barely a year after it had been set – setting in four color a template for all comic-book creators to pillage: the modern anti-hero.

2009 set the table, and now 2010 will be the year fans dine out on a massive helping of Everett’s legendary Golden Age superhero work, his Grade A 1950 Horror material, his hand in the creation of Daredevil, and the beauty of his 1960/70s inks and pencils, illustrating how Bill Everett was peaking (again) just as he left us. 

Who is Bill Everett? William Blake “Bill” Everett was born May 18th, 1917 to an upper-middle class Massachusetts family. Everett (a descendant of poet William Blake) navigated the murky waters of New York and Chicago advertising before near-poverty forced him to take up residence at Centaur Publications in 1938, a year before Superman would make his debut in Action Comics. Noted for a comparatively long run on his creation, Amazing Man, Centaur editor Lloyd Jacquet would take Everett and others with him to form “Funnies Inc.” that became established as a comic-book packager for publishers looking to quickly capitalize on the burgeoning comic-book market in the late 1930s.

The first client for Funnies Inc. was Martin Goodman, owner of Timely Publications, who wanted to incorporate comic books into his pulp publishing empire. The product of the collaboration was Marvel Comics #1, highlighted by Everett’s Sub-Mariner twelve-page strip. Although watered down by the end of the 1940s (and in many present-day incarnations) – his raison d’être circumcised, left to fight generic thugs on the streets of Manhattan – the Sub-Mariner present in this volume defines for 70 years worth of comics the template for the anti-hero, setting the course for a long lineage of other writers who would create popular half-hero/half-villains, often misunderstood, a product of circumstances who would have to come to peace with straddling the line between social mores and their own alienation. The most popular example of this was unveiled in the 1970s; the X-Men’s Wolverine, still as popular today as ever, now the star of his own movie franchise.

In Marvel Comics #1, Everett quickly moves to set the Sub-Mariner apart from any comic-book hero present on the market. The character’s origins are unveiled in his murderous first appearance, the character unwittingly killing two surface dwellers that get too close for comfort to what remains of the Sub-Mariner’s race of underwater fish-like humanoids nestled in the South Antarctica. Even his birth was a product of savage death – a plot to prevent the genocide of his race from the “white people” who had started performing thunderously explosive scientific experiments on the seas over their kingdom. His mother had then been sent to glean information from the ship’s captain, Leonard McKenzie, but fell in love and married him. She did this all the while giving information back to her people to mount an attack, but before they could, the humans unleashed their latest barrage, all but wiping it the underwater city. Now, this half-breed, this “Sub-Mariner,” was to venture forth and wreak vengeance on the earth dwellers and lead his people to victory. For the year of 1940, the Sub-Mariner was no superhero, instead fighting humanity as much as the character fought within him to justify his actions as he began to see humanity through his own eyes not as villains but as a misguided and misunderstood people.

On top of Everett creating the first anti-hero in comics, he also set the table for what became the norm in storytelling from the 1960s onward. The first twelve issues of Marvel Comics/Marvel Mystery Comics reads as the industry’s first graphic novel, each issue leading into this next with a definite conclusion to the story in issue twelve. Everett’s contribution as a creator should not overshadow his designation as comics’ best writer-artist of the Golden Age. The narrative pacing in these twelve issues is phenomenal, a whirlwind of the Sub-Mariner’s frustration and angst over being half-human, half-amphibian, belonging nowhere to no one. Issue six is a particular highlight, featuring the Sub-Mariner tied to the electric chair for his crimes against humanity, receiving all the voltage New York City has to offer, setting up the epic battle two issues later between the Sub-Mariner and his elemental opposite, the Human Torch.

And while many artists of the day sped through their artwork, caring little for the medium, waiting only for the call to a big advertising company or life as a syndicated artist, these twelve issues represent Everett at his early 1940s peak. The first two issues border on elegant, the rendering incredibly polished. Done before the influx of clients at the Funnies Inc. shop and the other books they’d put out for Timely, the evidence is clear that Everett slaved over these pages longer than any others that he produced during this period.

As well, Everett—always the innovator—decided to see if he could elevate comics beyond their four-color palette. He wanted a third-dimensional, or a painting-type effect to capture the feeling of being underwater, and used a Craftint Board in which chemicals bring out cross-hatching for tonal value. But these were primitive days in the industry, and with the printer’s acumen being far below Everett’s artistic vision, the experiment was abandoned after two issues. The majestic quality that Everett imbues in the Sub-Mariner in issue one gives way in issue two to a less regal and more fierce-looking Sub-Mariner that comes out of the watery depths to attack humanity with years of pent up rage.

Bill Everett passed away too early, in 1973 at the age of 55 – his body paying the price for too much hard living that only ceased in the last few years of his life. As such, the Golden Age Marvel Comics Omnibus Volume 1 – the only reprinting of its kind – stands as an important reminder of why he will always be remembered, with a little prodding, as an industry trailblazer, the first “five-tool” creator (a respected letterer and colorist as well) in comic-book history, the man who brought the anti-hero to comics, and the man with enough narrative vision to foster the first continuing narrative in superhero comics.

Blake Bell is the author of Strange and Stranger: The World of Steve Ditko and editor of Strange Suspense: The Steve Ditko Archives Vol. 1. Fire and Water: Bill Everett, The Sub-Mariner, and the Birth of Marvel Comics, his latest book, will debut at this July’s San Diego Comicon and will (as part biography, part coffee-table art book, made in co-operation with the Everett family) detail the rise and fall and rise again of the only artist in the Golden Age of comics that truly swam upstream in a sea of imitators and hacks.

Apr 30, 20102 notes
#guest reviewer month #Blake Bell #Bill Everett
Guest Reviewer Month - Tom Spurgeon on The Early Morning Milk Train

I don’t want to talk up Tom Spurgeon too much, for a couple reasons: 1) It’s pretty self-evident by this point how good he is at what he does, and 2) I don’t think he really likes people talking about how good he is at what he does. His humility is part of his charm, and his economy is part of his charm, and his wide knowledge of comics is part of his charm, and his way of a subtle but devastating one liner that destroys his target and yet still leaves him looking affable is part of his charm. Oh, well, I guess I went ahead and talked him up. I’ll just close and say another part of his charm, for me, are the judiciously distributed—he might say unpacked—bits about how he has related to his father through comics, which is something I would like to have had. There is some of that here, within the body of an examination of work that may have escaped the notice of most of us if not for Tom’s efforts.—Christopher Allen

The Early Morning Milk Train: The Cream of Emett Railway Drawings
Rowland Emett
John Murray, London, (UK Edition) 1976.

By Tom Spurgeon

Rowland Emett (1906-1990) was best known as a kinetic sculptor. He created Rube Goldberg- (or, if you prefer, Heath Robinson-) type machines that actually worked – just as long as someone paid to have them built. A string of corporate and festival sponsors eventually did just that. Starting in 1951, Emett’s devices were put on display in high-profile venues like the Festival of Britain, the movie Chitty-Chitty Bang-Bang (he supplied the inventions of Caractacus Potts), the Smithsonian and the Ontario Science Centre, not to mention places of pride in various business headquarters. They sported ridiculous names like “The Forget-Me-Not Computer,” “The Aqua Horological Tintinnabulator” and the frankly awesome-sounding “The Featherstone-Kite Openwork Basketweave Mark Two Gentleman’s Flying Machine.” Their sensual unlikelihood and awkwardness satirized the asserted, streamlined perfection of modern invention. They giggled at technology’s remove from human hands, and left whoopee cushions upon which the self-proclaimed empire-builders might sit. Emmet’s machines are almost without exception deeply whimsical in a way that shames that word’s application elsewhere. It’s a better world for their having been brought into existence.

Before he was a maker of things, Rowland Emett was a creator of cartoons. He was a highly successful cartoonist, as a matter of fact, one of the more popular artists working in Punch during the late 1930s (he first published in the magazine in 1939) and through the 1940s. A marriage in 1941 proved beneficial to his ambitions: the former Mary Evans became his manager as well as his wife. They built a concurrent book career for the cartoonist in the traditional manner, Emett illustrating a few volumes during the war from prose authors and then moving onto solo showcases as his star at Punch continued to rise. His publisher was Faber & Faber, as respectable a house as any going. 

To a great extent, Emett owed the majority of his transition from cartoonist to “dream machine” maker to profiles and assignments from the magazines Life and Sports Illustrated. It’s hard to imagine with the diarrheic explosion of media opportunities today, but an artist’s appearance in certain high-profile publications at mid-20th Century could drive interest and commissions for years on end. Not only was Emett capable of remarkable, inventive creation, he looked the part, like a genial wizard from a live-action Saturday Morning network television show, youthful and spry and friendly-faced. As more of his models and machines leapt from concept to physical existence, Emett’s cartoon work faded from both magazine and book publication. There was a brief revival of Emmet interest in the 1970s, collecting many of the old Punch watercolors and drawings. Only one book in that run had both a UK edition and one in the U.S.: The Early Morning Milk Train, released in 1976 overseas and 1977 in North America.

It’s difficult to recognize some seventy years later just how important the train remained in the imagination of everyday people up until the 20th century’s mid-point. From the late 19th Century on, the train was for many folks the mightiest machine with which they had daily interaction. They were commonplace leviathans. In Emett’s England, the railway was the major connection between rural and urban communities in a culture that took more slowly to cars than North America. Trains were the past and the future. 

Emmet can’t get enough of the torpedo-shaped bull in the china shop that is the standard railway transport among the rickety fences and queer mustachioed gentlemen and wobbly-looking tracks that are rural tracks and station. He crashes his trains through these lines and into private space. He builds them into impossibly unwieldy things that have to ride the think track lines as gracefully as any sidecar. He subjects them to local custom and kindnesses that thwarts their power. In some of the most beautiful cartoons collected here, Emett starts with the twin lines that make up a railroad track and sees the parallel markings splashed throughout the countryside: a train that might go up a tree, or have to be held onto narrow tracks through the human act of leaning in the other direction, or that totters across a gossamer thin bridge, an idea of a train rather than its reality, the gentle intrusion of man into nature.

Those more fanciful strips obsessed with line are the one in which you can see early signs of Emett’s genius with rickety, working construction. He turns cars on their sides, adds ornate elements where none are necessary, suggests a greater sway and fragility than any train might bear. Yet there are also multiple variations at work here that didn’t become three-dimensional at a later date. There are several well-presented jokes about the lunatic lengths to which railroads were desperate to add luxury to train service, visually-driven jokes about boy scouts getting to a train via a quickly-assembled rope bridge or a train suggesting music to a few back yard composers; one even uncovers a few gags about fare hikes. It’s also surprising how much Emett shifts between media: several flatly painted pieces bereft of color in this volume, more traditional pen and ink work with a variety of line thicknesses and black space moving the eye from place to face, and the wonderful spider web-like lines of Emett’s more famous tableaux.

The construction is second place to the quality of the imagination displayed, but reading a bunch of Emett at once confirms he was an odd cat in terms of the way he approached the page. The eyes are almost always slammed to the bottom of an Emett page like an angry yank used to close a blind. From there, a typical Emett allows the reader to float left to right as the line of the cars might lead, or even up and into any smoke the train creates. One wonderful trick he employs is to depict the trains and their surrounding countryside with the same line consistency. This in itself seems a satirical point about the intrusiveness of the iron horse – many of the trains look like they could be punched off of their tracks if you put your shoulder into it – but it also allows the eye to wander into any number of chicken-fat style pleasures the rest of the drawing may hold, or to capture any atmospherics specific to a single drawing that Emett intends.

The Early Morning Milk Train was the only comics-related publication in my late father’s collection of books that I had never heard of or seen before coming across it packing his belongings for a final time. My dad was a train kid, working at the local station during the summer for quarters and receiving a pre-Social Security number that were given out to railroad employees a couple of years before everyone else got their nine digits. He pressed for a political appointment at the very early AMTRAK, our family’s road not taken. Dad would read old timetables in the bathtub the way I read Gerry Conway JLAs. For him it was likely enough to see trains over and over and over again, the idea of the train shorn of most of its mass, progressing here and there across Emett’s made-up countryside at the behest of their ridiculous porters and engineers. It’s difficult to imagine someone relating so wholly to a piece of outmoded expression like the train as fully as my father did, and as fully as he likely treated this book. Then again, I’m that way about cartoons.

Tom Spurgeon maintains the essential, Eisner-nominated blog, The Comics Reporter, prior to which he wrote for and edited The Comics Journal and co-authored the definitive biography of Stan Lee.

Apr 30, 2010
#guest reviewer month #Tom Spurgeon #Rowland Emett
Guest Reviewer Month - Andrew Farago on The Sanford & Son Saga

This isn’t the Big One, Elizabeth, but it’s a fun piece nonetheless from Andrew Farago, presenting a world where we might have seen a Winter Sister-in-Law or Junkman: Year One, all spinning out of the male empowerment fantasy that is Sanford & Son. Thanks, Andrew. You big dummy. —Christopher Allen 

Notes from a world where comics dominated popular culture

Fall 1972:  Sanford and Son premieres on CBS, and soon becomes the most popular show on television.

Fall 1974:  Series star Redd Foxx, dissatisfied with his contract, does not appear in the first three episodes of the new season of Sanford and Son.  Grady, played by popular supporting actor Whitman Mayo, is given a larger role during Foxx’s absence.  The final episode of the 1974-75 season is a preview of Grady’s spinoff series, Grady.

Late fall 1976:  The phenomenal success of Grady convinces CBS to put all of its resources into the bourgeoning junkyard comedy genre, and begins production on eight new midseason replacement series in this format.

Fall 1982:  With the cancellation of 60 Minutes, CBS completes its transition to an all junkyard comedy network.

Spring 1985:  Concerned that the plots of Sanford and Son and its spinoffs have become too complicated, producer Norman Lear announces that every CBS program will re-start in the winter of 1986.  All CBS shows airing from September through December 1985 compose a single, massive storyline, called “The Big One,” that is intended to streamline the network’s programming.

Summer 1985:  NBC hires Demond Wilson, who plays Foxx’s son, Lamont, as their Chief Creative Officer, as they ramp up their own plans to become an all-junkyard network.

Fall 1986:  Redd Foxx is fired from CBS, and Richard Pryor is given the role of Fred Sanford.  Eddie Murphy declines to play Lamont, and the part is given to up-and-coming comedian Damon Wayans. 

Winter 1987:  On-set arguments over the direction of the show leads to the creation of a spin-off series for Wayans, entitled And Son.  Pryor’s daughter, Rain, replaces Wayans, and the original series is retitled Sanford and Kid.

Fall 1989:  Due to the success of CBS’s Sunday night series Classic Sanford, which airs reruns of the original series, the network brings Redd Foxx back in a recurring role as Pryor’s father.

Fall 1991:  A massive shakeup leads to the firings of Foxx, Wayans and the entire Pryor family.  Demond Wilson returns to CBS and takes on the role of Fred Sanford.

Winter 1993:  Ratings skyrocket during the controversial “Death of Fred Sanford” story arc that spans the entire CBS Thursday night lineup for seven weeks. 

Spring 1993:  Fred Sanford returns during the controversial “Death of Bubba” story arc.  Ratings continue to rise.

Winter 1994:  “The Death of Aunt Esther” story arc is met with a lukewarm reaction, and diminishing returns from the death-and-replacement trend lead CBS to become more experimental in their programming.  Demond Wilson is given a new haircut, and a holographic foil version of Grady is added to the regular cast.

Spring 1994:  The season finale of Sanford and Son is filmed through a polybag.  Television watchers are warned that the quality of the episode will deteriorate upon viewing, and are encouraged to store copies of the finale away for investment purposes.

Fall 1996:  Ratings for CBS plummet.  The network’s decision to offer its programming only at junkyard specialty shops through the Diamond Satellite System is cited as a likely cause.

Fall 2001:  Cedric the Entertainer stars as Fred Sanford as the 30th season of Sanford! launches.  Classic Sanford, Young Sanford and And Son round out the Thursday night lineup on CBS, whose top programs reach up to 100,000 viewers each month.

Summer 2004:  Sanford: The Movie premieres in July.  Despite worldwide ticket sales totaling nearly one billion dollars, ratings for the television series are largely unaffected.

July 2006:  The annual San-Ford-ego Comic-Con International sells out for the fifth straight year, as 125,000 fans descend on the San Diego Convention Center.  Purists complain that the show is no longer the driving force of the convention, as the presence of junkyard comic publishers has increased steadily over the past decade, relegating Sanford and Son to a small area of the convention center known as “Actors’ Alley.”

December 2009:  Disney purchases CBS for four million dollars.  Production on all junkyard programming comes to a halt.  Classic Sanford and Son will be distributed through iTunes, and the more lucrative Sanford characters will appear at Disney theme parks beginning in 2010.     

April 2010:  New iPad app “iGrady” premieres, and is downloaded over nine times in its first eighteen months.  “iSmitty” launches the following month, but companion program “iHoppy” is held up in court due to possible copyright infringement.

Fall 2012:  Mayan apocalypse leads to renaissance of actual junk shops.  Executives ponder relaunch of Sanford and Son, but lack of electricity and accompanying technology presents a large stumbling block.

Andrew Farago is the Curator of San Francisco’s Cartoon Art Museum and has written for Marvel Comics, The Comics Journal, The Comics Reporter and Animation World Network, among other publications.  His upcoming book The Looney Tunes Treasury will be published by Insight Editions in fall 2010.

Apr 27, 2010
#guest reviewer month #Andrew Farago
Guest Reviewer Month - Matt Maxwell on DC: The New Frontier

In a perfect world, or at least a better economy, you’d have more Matt Maxwell comics to read, but I do enjoy his lucid writing about comics, and movies, and whatever else he finds time to discuss. Matt broke about the only rule we had for Guest Reviewer Month of using something old (in fairness, it was only implied and not explicit), but it’s such a good piece, who cares? It’s one thing to champion something obscure or cultish, but quite another to find the real strengths, and even subversive ideas or auteurish touches, of a real mass appeal commercial piece of art, as Matt does here with Darwyn Cooke’s masterpiece. —Christopher Allen

This was written some time ago, more than five years now, but it’s still one of my favorite essays on one of my favorite comics of the last several years. And sure, we’ve got a nice hardcover version, but we still don’t have an affordable one-volume paperback that I can find. Pity. -–mm

Thoughts on The New Frontier

Hmm.  This is likely to be a disorganized and messy affair.  Quite unlike the book in question, which was painstakingly paced and plotted.  True that some commentators complained that the first issues were simply unconnected vignettes, but that’s one of the risks that you run when you read your fiction serially.  It’s very easy (and wrongheaded) to criticize the whole based on the first couple of chapters.

That doesn’t prevent us from doing it on a regular basis, mind you…

I see a lot made of New Frontier’s appeal being primarily nostalgic (and some folks take it further and declare that it’s the book’s only appeal) in that it reads like a  Silver Age comic. Make that a Silver Age comic written extremely smartly, with deft characterization and spot-on illustration, as well as the space to actually tell the story (Without.  Coming.   Off.  Like.  The.  Author.  Was.  Stretching.  Things.  Out.  Needlessly.)  Sure it’s just like a Silver Age book, but you forget the political content, not merely subtext, and the opportunities for ruthless bastards to turn around and be revealed as truly heroic (not just to have their actions explained away as “merely following orders.”)  And did I mention the whole mature take on your favorite DC superheroes thing?

You simply aren’t going to find darkly-tinged portrayals of Batman and Wonder Woman in Silver Age books.  You’re certainly not going to see anything as shocking as Wonder Woman’s actions in issue #2 of  New Frontier.  Now I’m not talking Identity Crisis or Avengers Disassembled non-shocks.  I’m talking about genuine and stirring did-I-just-read-that sorts of shocks.  These are moments where real character is revealed, not just poking the reader and saying “Dig this exciting take on things!  Isn’t it just HARDCORE?”  It’s not about twisting the characters around, but giving them a chance at meaning.

Yes, a great deal has been made about the restoration of Hal Jordan, and his rehabilitation at the hands of Darwyn Cooke (conveniently timed just before his restoration at the hands of Geoff Johns and Ethan Van Sciver).  Personally, I could really care less about the continuing adventures of Hal Jordan and Green Lantern (unless in the hands of a master, say, Grant Morrison, though I doubt he’d have any interest), but Darwyn Cooke gave some dimension to the character instead of relying on easy answers or fan knowledge to drive him.

However, Mr. Cooke doesn’t get a lot of credit for the way he handled other, less well-known characters.  Much was made of Hal Jordan, but very little was made of Col. Rick Flagg, ultrabastard.  We meet him before we meet Jordan, and long before Jordan becomes anything close to the Green Lantern.  Flagg (and his more cerebral analog, the Oppenheimer-esque King Faraday) is at least as important in the story as Jordan, and maybe more so.  Both Flagg and Faraday are the faces of a ruthless federal government, seemingly bent on maintaining their monopoly on superpowers and generally making life tough on the protagonists.  They’re bad guys right?

Wrong.  Lee Marvin (and I’m paraphrasing here) was once asked how it felt to always play the bad guy.  He answered by saying that he never played a bad man.  His characters always had their motivations and always did what they thought was best, which made his acting compelling even when the roles themselves were repellent.  Darwyn Cooke manages the same trick with his portrayal of the faces of Government.  Flagg, particularly, comes across as a near-psychotic badass who seems to revel in holding the obviously sympathetic characters down and questioning their ideals and finally stomping all over them.  You figure that you’d want to cheer when he finally dies, right?

Wrong again.  Flagg’s death is a heart-rending moment because we’re finally shown that indeed Flagg was another guy doing what he thought was right, what he thought needed to be done, learning the lessons that his world had taught him.  And as hard as his exterior was, we’re revealed in his last moments that he has the same dreams and hopes as the best of us.  It’s a powerful instant of identification and sacrifice that for all of its hyperbole of “the planet itself will perish if I fail!” is still one of the most moving in the entire story.  We also see why he personally took the one thing that Hal Jordan most wanted and put it out of reach, and in that understanding Flagg becomes truly heroic.

He’s also got a deft hand when it comes to portraying the heroes of the DCU.  As noted above, Cooke is a master at adding weight to the proceedings, but he’s equally talented in giving a light touch as well.  The Martian Manhunter and The Flash come to mind here.  And just to show how well he does it, Cooke starts us off on completely the wrong foot with J’onn J’onzz (the Martian Manhunter, for those of you not versed in DC lore…).  We’re given a creepy setting, an observatory draped in shadow and darkness.  In it, a man lays on the floor dying, and even though he declares that it’s not the stranger’s fault, we’re given the feeling that the Manhunter is indeed responsible for the man’s death.  Then we get the full-page reveal (whereas before we’d only seen silhouette and a pair of red and inhuman eyes) of a creature that may be humanoid, but is distinctly not human.  And given these setbacks to reader sympathy, Cooke still manages to turn the Manhunter into a sympathetic and empathetic character.  Of course, Cooke knows how to play to the crowd (and even makes fun of it via Slam Bradley.)

Cooke’s take on Superman is a sight to behold, even though he’s taken out of the big fight at the end (but is responsible for putting the big fight into the crowd of heroes).  He’s also smart enough to contrast Superman’s Favored Alien status with the persecution that a similar alien (again, the Martian Manhunter here) feels in Red-Scare America.  Jonn uses his power to blend in and pass as human (fearing discovery the entire time) and by his very existence, Superman not only draws attention to himself, but reinforces governmental strength, the very power that Jonn fears.  They’re opposites, both in power and in status, but in the end, they’re opposites united and made whole.

Moments like this are what make New Frontier worth coming back to, what makes it a great story.  Cooke understands that dimension is what separates character from caricature, and that informs all of his work here.  Yes, Lois Lane is in love with Superman and she’s an ideal woman.  She’s also more than a little manipulative and knows how to get men to do what she wants.  And she can be forceful in getting her way (as well, so can Carol Ferris, another strong woman who plays a role in the proceedings).  She’s also frail and vulnerable and the panel where she and Superman are reuinted after his apparent demise is one of the most powerful in the book.

Dimension.  It’s all about being more than one thing.  If you’re unrelentingly good, you’re just as boring as the unrelentingly evil chap over there.  Granted, you’re likely to be more sympathetic than him, but not any more interesting.  There’s very few, if any, stock characters (well, maybe the eggheads, but we don’t get to see them long enough to get a real feel for ‘em) to be found here.  Hal Jordan is both fearless and wracked with self-doubt.  Wonder Woman is a liberator and a destroyer, both callous and courageous.  Batman comes across as both pragmatic and idealistic, fearsome and troubled.

The same is true of the America that New Frontier depicts.  It’s a beacon of freedom and opportunity, as well as a land of repression and fear.  It’s a place where bad is done in the name of the common good, where the government seems more concerned with vigilantism than the crimes that inspire it.  I’m not going to stand here and argue that it’s precise and nuanced political discourse, but I will say that it’s striving to be a depiction that doesn’t shy away from the shadows at the edges of society.  There’s the promise of wealth and ease, and the shadow cast by these isn’t simply ignored by Mr. Cooke.  It’s given an uncompromised look.  Lynchings and racial repression, such as those that inspired the fictional John Henry, were all-too real.  Not that donning a hood and hammering justice into the KKK is a real-wold solution: it isn’t.  This is story, more precisely, s superhero comic story.  This is a representation of conflict and counter-action, not a model of how to base a struggle for civil rights.

Still, the world feels real (even in the face of impossibilities such as superheroes and prehistoric leviathans that threaten humanity) because it’s visually grounded.  Yes, the visuals themselves are idealistic, iconic, and there’s a reason for that.  These images are impressed on the American (and Canadian) psyche as part of our history.  Again and again and again, Cooke shows that he has a masterful eye for design and a keen historical accuracy that evokes a feeling of Postwar America (even if that America never really existed—not unlike a couple of Englishmen successfully evoking another America that Never Was in the pages of  Watchmen.)  Edwards Air Force Base, Las Vegas, googie architecture and design, the first stirrings of the space race and the Cold War, sprawling noir cityscapes, newsreels, talking-head public affairs shows, Blue Note record covers, automobile design, commercial design and propaganda are blended together seamlessly into a visually stunning whole.

And Darwyn Cooke can draw the super-heroes, too.  Not over-muscled pose-fests, but living breathing (and breathless) action.  Cooke taps the power and cosmic majesty of Jack Kirby (and some nods to Steve Ditko in that regard), the shadows of Krigstein, Toth’s powerful simplicity (and expressionism) as well as a daunting knowledge of commercial design.  And he makes it his own thing, not just a chance to play spot-the-influences.  He’s also managed to take what works about decompression in comics and the “widescreen” format and really use it to its best advantage.  No, I won’t lie to you.  It eats up pages, fast.  But when the pages are this gorgeous and cinematic, infused with a blend of raw power and great finesse, there isn’t much room to complain.

And I’m a guy who generally hates splash pages, remember.  But there isn’t a splash page here that isn’t serving the story, whether it’s the best single encapsulation of Aquaman in a panel that you’ll see, or the awesome spectacle of Superman getting sucker-punched by a behemoth from another time.

I’ve seen some comparisons made to Watchmen and  Dark Knight Returns in terms of New Frontier’s importance and impression on the superhero genre.  As flattering as those are intended to be, I’m not sure that they’re entirely fair. Watchmen, even if the story had been subpar, (which it wasn’t) would be an important work for its mastery of structure, of form.  Dark Knight was equally masterful in structure, though in a different way, obviously.   New Frontier has its own feel and vibe, but I’m not sure that it’s one that will serve as a template for stories to come.  It may not achieve the dizzying heights (or blackest depths) that  Watchmen trod, but New Frontier certainly deserves recognition for being a strong story, skillfully told in a visual style that is indeed its own.

I wish I didn’t have to say this, but the above is an exceedingly rare thing these days. New Frontier should be celebrated for that, as well as all the other stuff that I’ve gone on at length about.

Now if only DC had the common sense to put the whole thing together in one affordable package.  Oh well.  I’m holding onto my floppies and will hold out for the hardcover.

Matt Maxwell writes about comics and other things at Highway 62. He is also the author of the weird western Strangeways: Murder Moon.

Apr 26, 2010
Daily Breakdowns 079 - Most Outrageous

Most Outrageous: The Trials and Trespasses of Dwaine Tinsley and Chester the Molester

Written by Bob Levin

Published by Fantagraphics Books. $19.99 USD

With his cartoons for Hustler Magazine, Dwaine Tinsley attempted to find humor by pointing out the hypocrisies we see everyday from the leaders of our society, and he also lifted the veil from our own desires, delusions and hatreds. This was exactly what his employer, publisher Larry Flynt, wanted him to do, and indeed the entire magazine operated differently from competitors Playboy and Penthouse in that Hustler was less about fantasy than it was showing the ugliness in the world, and reveling in it. It offered gratification at a price. Surely more than a few readers read one of Tinsley’s Chester the Molester cartoons and wondered just what happened to this month’s centerfold girl to bring her to posing fully nude and spread. Was she comfortable with her body, or was she taught from a too-young age that this was all it was good for? 

With a history of exposing the peccadilloes of public figures (I still recall the grainy, black-and-white photos of a flabby, topless Jackie Onassis on a yacht they printed), it was with no small amount of irony that Tinsley found himself in 1989 accused of molesting his teenage daughter. 

Levin had been writing for The Comics Journal for fifteen years when the project was proposed to him. His subjects were often outlaw cartoonists like Dan O’Neill, B.N. Duncan, Vaughn Bode’, cartoonists outside the norm, in unusual circumstances or pushing the envelope of decency or even legality. He was the natural choice to write the story of Tinsley’s life and trial.

Unlike, say, an Albert Goldman, Levin is not attracted to his subjects just to dig up the dirt on their personal lives. He seems to mostly come to them as a fan, or if not much of an admirer of their work, at least an admirer of their drive to put it out there, to suffer for a vision. That seems to be where he meets Tinsley, as a man who wanted to make his readers laugh but also think. It’s a delicate balance Levin attempts here, as Tinsley’s work is blunt in delivery, not particularly well-drawn and generally designed to offend. And it’s effective at that. The deeper thinking is tough to come by, although Levin does take pains to point out that Tinsley’s Chester character is never depicted heroically, and never seems to have intercourse with any of the underage girls he pursues by various means (often disguising his penis as something harmless like a hot dog or puppet). 

But the book is not a defense of Tinsley. Interestingly, Levin comes off undecided, or to be more exact he seems convinced of Tinsley’s innocence, the daughter’s claims chalked up to a combination of cocaine addiction and sociopathy, but by the end he’s less sure there isn’t some real abuse to explain the lasting hatred. 

Levin astutely points to the real unfairness of the trial that led to Tinsley’s conviction on a few of the many counts of abuse, in that Tinsley’s cartoon work was essentially used as evidence of his own character deficiency. Is a crime novelist more likely to murder his wife? Even if someone had immoral or illegal impulses, wouldn’t getting to exorcise them in print help prevent that person from acting on them? Still, with a father creating such cartoons, and with his work in the house in pornographic magazines, it’s hard to argue that there wasn’t some negative influence.

Whether that makes Tinsley guilty is up to the reader. Again, Levin is undecided, but to his credit he presents as much of both sides as he can, of the case and of Tinsley himself, a thoughtful man who definitely lived the high life for a time, a loving father who nonetheless was not consistent, at times inappropriate, in the boundary between father and daughter, as far as letting her stay up late and drink with him. Levin wants the reader to come up with their own opinion, or maybe it’s more fair to say it’s impossible not to have formed an opinion by the end of the book. Levin’s is not often a forceful tone; he digs up information and can deliver it in a scholarly enough manner, but also will follow his muse, digressing into dry humor and even an admitted Faulknerian flight of fancy. He’s fully engaged, grappling with the facts and the issues as he uncovers them, and the reader grapples right along with him. It’s a much more compelling book for the fact that Levin doesn’t try to wrap it all up in a bow. Sometimes when we say we forgive and forget, we are forgiving nothing and misremembering. Sometimes we can trace pain to its source, sometimes not. Did Tinsley pass on the pain from growing up with a drunken whore mother to his daughter? Will she pass her own pain on to her own children? Who knows? We can only try to live with our own, to rid ourselves of it or bury it.

—Christopher Allen

Apr 26, 2010
Guest Reviewer Month: Jim Rugg Reviews Footnotes in Gaza

Footnotes in Gaza
By Joe Sacco
Published by Metropolitan Books


 
In November 1956, Israeli soldiers rounded up Palestinian men in the Gaza towns of Khan Younis and Rafah and according to UN records, killed 275 of them. The incident was not well documented. In 2001, while researching a story for Harper’s magazine, Joe Sacco heard first hand accounts of these events. When his editors at Harper’s magazine cut this section from the article, Sacco decided to return to Gaza to research what had taken place there in 1956.

In 2002 and 2003, Sacco traveled to Gaza to conduct field research; specifically he wanted to interview eyewitnesses to the events in Khan Younis and Rafah. Footnotes in Gaza details those research trips and the interviews he conducted. Based on eyewitness accounts, he depicts the incidents in comic form. He rounds out the book with additional research notes, historical documents, and interviews with Israeli Defense Forces and UN personnel.

The book seamlessly cuts between autobiography, interviews, recreations of the stories told in the interviews (i.e. 1956), and historical notes meant to contextualize the events and details in the interviews. It is amazing. The density of narrative is staggering with many of the layers reliant on the comics medium to maximize the stories’ clarity and effectiveness. It is hard to imagine any medium telling this story better than comics.

Sacco’s ability as a cartoonist keys the book’s success. Sacco draws extremely detailed backgrounds that give the setting a tremendous amount of weight. That detail, especially the historical depictions of Gaza, paints a disturbing picture of the plight of the Palestinian refugees without relying on heavy-handedness or purple prose. He uses an intensive cross-hatching style that creates a wide range of value and texture, giving the setting a rich atmosphere and weight. But when he draws his interview subjects and the people he encounters in Gaza, he replaces a little bit of the realism with caricature. This effect breathes life into the people that populate the stories. It is so subtle and yet vital to the power of the work. It humanizes what could easily be a very dry report. Finally, when he draws himself, he completely replaces the realism with a cartoon icon. And in this slight of hand, he gives the reader their entry point into the story via a technique Scott McCloud details in Understanding Comics. Basically, the simpler the image of a character, the more natural it is for a reader to identify with the character. So to summarize – he creates a hyper-realistic environment, populates it with people using visual cues the way we identify people we don’t know very well (think of someone you’ve only met a couple of times or the way you see a bit actor in a couple of different movies and he/she looks familiar, perhaps you recognize a distinct feature but you can’t quite place him/her), and then allows you to slide into his generic character in order to experience this world and story.

The book explores a polarizing topic, and the politics can be uncomfortable. The autobiographical elements mitigate this potential problem to some degree by using an observational approach that removes some subjectivity. Despite Sacco’s apparent feelings regarding the situation, the story is told in a very straightforward manner.

The tone of the interviews ranges as one would expect from witness to witness. Sacco does a good job keeping the interviews in context. When a number of common elements arise between interviewers, it is captioned accordingly in the comics. And when interviews contradict or vary, that too is noted. For instance, one series of interviews with a family of survivors includes conflicting accounts of which family members actually witnessed which events. When Sacco recognizes these inconsistencies, he discusses them with the survivors. He also questions stories that seem unlikely. When one witness says he was shot in the head from point-blank range 36 times, Sacco acknowledges the problems with this claim. Sacco encounters a variety of obstacles in his interviews, from faulty memories to obstinate old-timers more interested in discussing the 1960s. At one point, he notes his frustration at knowing more about the events than those he interviews. It reminded me a little of Radio: An Illustrated Guide (the Ira Glass/Jessica Abel comic that chronicled the behind the scenes of an episode of This American Life). Anyone interested in documentary work would probably find this book fascinating for its inclusion of the author’s process.

In between the difficult task of trying to find coherent witnesses to a 50-year-old atrocity that are willing to talk to a westerner, we get to see the present state of Gaza. The details he records are just as captivating as the stories from 1956. In one sequence, he drinks coffee and talks to a number of young men while gunshots sound all around them in the night. It reminded me of the tense scene in Boogie Nights, when Diggler and his friends rob a heavily armed, coked up drug dealer while a boy sets off firecrackers intermittently around them. Sacco’s nerves unravel more and more with each gunshot while his companions maintain their conversations as if nothing unusual is happening. During the time he spends in Gaza, he sees a number of homes destroyed by the Israeli Defense Front and talks to various people who have lost homes to the IDF demolitions. His interaction with people in 2003 in Gaza creates one of the most unsettling elements of the book – little has changed since 1956 for the people that survive in Gaza.
 
It is not a happy story to read. But it is a remarkable comic, a graphic novel in every sense of the phrase. The strength of images in the hands of someone who knows how to wield that power is rare. As a comics fan, I feel lucky that Sacco works in this medium. I am not qualified to judge the book on its journalistic merits, but the transparency of Sacco’s research leads me to believe it is sound in that regard as well. It is a masterpiece by a great cartoonist. 

Jim Rugg is the co-creator of Street Angel (published by Slave Labor) and Afrodisiac (published by AdHouse Books).

Apr 23, 2010
#guest reviewer month #reviews
Live Chat with Drawn Together Movie Creators

I’ve only ever seen the first season of Drawn Together, but there’s no doubt it’s my very favourite “reality” TV series; how could you not love all those cultural icons forced to live in a house together, their neuroses and perversions constantly bumping up against each other like twisted tectonic plates?

The creators of Drawn Together will be hosting a live chat on the show’s official Facebook page this afternoon at 3 PM Eastern. It’s to celebrate the launch of the new Drawn Together Movie: The Movie!. If you’re a fan, make sure you stop by and take part in the chat by commenting on their wall on Facebook, and see a video of DVD extras here.


Apr 23, 2010
#animation
Guest Reviewer Month - Brigid Alverson on Bunny Drop #1

Manga fan or not, you’ve probably read Brigid Alverson’s writing somewhere, because she’s all over the place. For Guest Reviewer Month (GRM, as we call it here), we really wanted to put a great range of writing, and subject matter, on display. So here we have Brigid adding a touch of class to the joint, and reviewing a book it’s a pretty sure bet wouldn’t have found its way onto TWC if not for her. But it sounds pretty good now!

—Christopher Allen


Bunny Drop, vol. 1

By Yumi Unita

Rated T, for Teen

Yen Press, $12.99

Bunny Drop is that rare manga in which the characters act like real people, even when they are thrust into an absurd situation.

The situation is that old chestnut, the bachelor who suddenly has to take care of a small child. Often the humor in these stories comes from a self-centered single guy who is knocked out of his complacency by the immediate, physical needs of a baby. This is not that book. Daikichi, the bachelor in question, isn’t suave or debonair; he’s good at his job but doesn’t have much of a social life, and he’s a bit insecure. And the child, Rin, is a remarkably self-possessed six-year-old. Daikichi’s challenge is not to take care of her physical needs, although there is some of that, it’s to figure out what she needs emotionally. And that’s a lot more interesting than watching a klutzy guy try to change a diaper.

Bunny Drop does have its ridiculous moments, including the opening sequence, in which Daikichi arrives home for his grandfather’s funeral and learns that the old man had a love child, Rin. The family first learned of this at his death, and Rin’s mother is nowhere to be found. As is common in manga, everyone in the family announces they are too busy to take care of Rin, and anyway, she doesn’t seem to be quite right. The dialogue is lightened up by the convincingly obnoxious antics of Daikichi’s bratty cousin, Reina, who is the same age as Rin.

Meanwhile, Daikichi and Rin are already establishing a bond. Daikichi, it turns out, is the image of his dead grandfather, so Rin attaches herself to him and follows him around. This gives him a chance to see that although she is quiet, she is also smart and intuitive. So when everyone in the family announces that they just can’t take on another burden, it seems natural that Daikichi stands up, tells them all off, and walks off hand in hand with Rin.

The rest of the book chronicles Daikichi’s introduction to parenthood, but while it follows the standard script—finding day care, juggling work and family, and perhaps finding love at the end of it all—the story is rich in detail and texture. For instance, Daikichi must choose between three emergency day cares and then weigh the good and bad points of several permanent ones. Something that could be dismissed in a panel or two gets the full treatment here. Similarly, when Daikichi asks for a transfer at work to reduce his hours, Unita shows him having detailed discussions with his superior and his co-workers about his plans and their possible repercussions. This gives the story depth and also presents a rare (for manga) example of a worker standing up to The Man.

Unlike the girls of shoujo manga, who cheerfully shrug off their parents’ deaths and go off to sleep in the park so they won’t make any trouble, Rin is scared, lonely, and sometimes unable to articulate what she is feeling. From the beginning, she insists on sleeping cuddled up next to Daikichi. This awkward situation is depicted without innuendo, and later on, when Rin starts wetting the bed, Daikichi sees it as a reflection of Rin’s feelings and they have a frank conversation about death. Unita handles this episode with taste and tact, and it’s a moment that many parents will be able to identify with.

Daikichi’s defining characteristic is his good heart. He immediately puts Rin at the center of things, rearranging his life in order to accommodate her needs, and he does this without resentment—he genuinely enjoys her company. Furthermore, he realizes that he can’t just respond to what she says; the interesting thing about this book is that Rin is not straightforward, and Daikichi has to develop genuine empathy to figure out how to take care of her properly.

Unita’s art is simple and linear. She keeps screentones to a minimum, instead using areas of pure black and white to define most of the shapes in each panel. Her compositions are often reminiscent of Fumi Yoshinaga—large, long panels filled with a single head shot. Backgrounds are either blank or crisply drawn depictions of everyday life, and Unita often throws in a surprising detail, such as a male co-worker’s bunny pen. The effect is economical and readable, even for readers who aren’t manga fans.

Bunny Drop follows the becoming-a-family formula but avoids the traps of cuteness, moe, and broad physical comedy, opting instead for a more nuanced story of a developing relationship. At the same time, the tone is light throughout, making this an engaging and unusually satisfying read. 

Brigid Alverson grew up reading American and British comics and developed a passion for manga late in life. She is the blogger at MangaBlog and editor of Good Comics for Kids. She also writes about comics for Publishers Weekly Comics Week, Comics Foundry, Robot6 and other publications. You can see examples of her noncomics journalism at her personal site. She lives north of Boston with her husband and two teenage daughters.

Apr 23, 20102 notes
#guest reviewer month
Guest Reviewer Month: Mike Sterling on The Comic Reader #212 (August, 1983)

I’d been aware of the idea of the fan press prior to picking this publication off the

newsstand, of course; a letter published with my home address in a 1981 issue of Superman resulted in a slew of mailing and come-ons for conventions and fan-produced magazines and such. Plus, an early ’80s trip to a comic book store in Simi Valley resulted in my being on their mailing list, and getting their newsletter of news and comics gossip. And I’d read the slickly-produced, full-color (well, mostly color) Comics Scene magazine from Starlog Publications.

But this magazine was different.As a child I was fascinated with amateur publications. Not just comic book related ones, though it was a big part of it. But with the very idea of kids my age (or a bit older) producing their own books and magazines and newspapers outside of the “official” and respected publishing outlets. I handcrafted several comics and illustrated booklets of my own as a child, tried (and failed) to get the neighborhood kids to work together on a local newspaper, and sought out similar homegrown items.Now, the folks who produced The Comic Reader obviously weren’t kids, but this was definitely an amateur publication (though a bit more upscale than most fanzines), and I did find it for sale in the newsstand where I regularly bought my comic books at the time, so clearly this wasn’t just something some guys put together for a few friends. Why, this may even have had a print run of hundreds of copies!And like the comic shop newsletter I mentioned, there was news and rumors, but the sheer quantity of it was overwhelming! That newsletter was only a few pages long, but The Comic Reader had page after page after page of densely-packed type and the occasional cover repo and reports and rumors of forthcoming projects, and plenty of info about those small press “indie” titles that were beginning to proliferate and were attracting my attention.The Comic Reader #212 also contained what might have been my first print exposure to fandom discussions outside of the publisher-approved-and-edited letters columns in their publications…well, beyond talking about comics with my friends, which, frankly, I didn’t do too often anyway. Reading missives from folks talking, not just about a specific comic they just had to write a Letter of Comment about, but about a wide range of titles and topics in relation to multiple publishers, and how this issue of X-Men relates to that issue of Green Lantern, and how it all ties in with Hill Street Blues…well, okay, that example was stretching things a bit, but still, it was a side of fandom I hadn’t yet become familiar with. (And now, as a comics retailer and a comics blogger, I may be too familiar with it at this point, but back then, it was still all new and fresh and interesting.)

The artwork is another aspect of The Comics Reader that fascinated me. There were spot illos from humor cartoonist Fred Hembeck, seemingly ubiquitous in those days, and whose work was already familiar to me. But there were a couple of illustrations by this other guy I didn’t know, Mike Mignola, who also provided the cover, and something about his art style really appealed to me. It was because of this magazine that I started to keep an eye out for future work by this Mignola cat, which of course brought me to his work on Alpha Flight, Incredible Hulk, Cosmic Odyssey, and, best of all, got me on the ground floor of his ongoing Hellboy projects.

Perhaps, most importantly, The Comics Reader #212 was responsible for exposing me to the work of Don Rosa. The ‘zine included, among other strips, a couple of samples of Rosa’s Captain Kentucky superhero spoof, a densely-packed Harvey Kurtzman-esque strip which grabbed my attention, partially for reasons going back to my attraction to amateur “outside the mainstream” projects, but mostly because I thought it was extremely funny. The “important” part of this is that, like with Mignola, I kept an eye out for other work by Rosa. Fantagraphics would publish a two-issue run of Don Rosa’s Comics & Stories (starring Captain Kentucky’s alter ego, Lancelot Pertwillaby), but a few years later, Gladstone Comics, then holder of the Disney comics license, would publish an Uncle Scrooge McDuck comic by Rosa. I was 18 years old when that came out, and that was probably the first Disney comic I’d bought (or, more accurately, that my parents had bought for me) since I was about six or seven years old. It was as funny and adventurous and as delightfully densely-illustrated as those older Rosa comics I so enjoyed…and, here, finally, is that “important” part I keep mentioning…it directly led me into discovering the work of “The Good Duck Artist” Carl Barks, and now, at 41, thanks to the various reprinting projects over the years, I have more or less a complete collection of Barks’ Disney work.

This issue of The Comic Reader was also responsible for my wanting more issues of The Comic Reader. Over the years I’ve managed to accumulate a large portion of The Comic Reader’s 200+ issue run, from the earliest mimeographed three-page-long letters, to future DC Comics head honcho Paul Levitz’s tenure as editor, to the tiny digests of the ’70s…and each issue providing an insight into the fan’s perspective of comics events of the day. As a historical document, it’s both fascinating and amusing to see what concerns drove fandom at the time. The fans worrying about, say, violence in comics in 1972, probably would have had heart attacks if they knew what was coming!

Ultimately, I owe a lot to The Comics Reader #212, for how it formed my comic tastes and collecting goals, and showed me a new way of thinking about comics discussion and criticism. It probably wouldn’t be too much of a stretch to say that it’s even an influence today on my comics blog. And that’s the bittersweet thing…the day of the general-purpose print comics fanzine in the style of The Comic Reader is good and gone, replaced by websites and blogs. Even the most successful comics magazine of recent years, Wizard, is a shadow of its former, pandering, price-guide slinging self. Not saying I don’t love comic news sites and blogs, since, you know, I’m relatively involved in that particular scene…but there’s a bit of sadness in the realization that no one’s going to happen upon an old dusty website in a box in a used bookstore twenty years from now, and discover what comic fans were thinking and doing way back when. Sure, there are web archive sites, but that’s not quite the same…and no guarantee that they’ll be around decades from now anyway.

Anyway, thank you, The Comic Reader #212. You’ve affected my life in many ways, most of them probably good.

Mike Sterling manages Ralph’s Comic Corner in Ventura, CA, which is celebrating its 30th anniversary this year! He writes about comics at the long-running and generally not-hated weblog Mike Sterling’s Progressive Ruin, vents some steam on his Twitter, is on staff at The Bureau Chiefs, and is a contributor to the Internet sensation Fake AP Stylebook (soon to be a real book from Three Rivers Press). His XBox Live gamertag is “MikesterJr,” if you’d like to shoot him in the face in Grand Theft Auto IV.

Apr 22, 20101 note
#guest reviewer month #reviews
Daily Breakdowns 078 - Thanos Needs Pants

The Spirit: First Wave #1

Writers - Mark Schultz, Dennis O’Neil

Artists - Moritat, Bill Sienkiewicz

I certainly didn’t need any more non-Eisner Spirit comics, but as long as DC puts them in the hands of talented creators, I’ll take a look. In this case, we have Mark Schultz, whose work I used to love on his Xenozoic Tales, though I can’t really recall anything after that, and we have Moritat, of Elephantmen. That’s a good start.

This is the first issue of the First Wave line of pulpy heroes, spinning out of the Brian Azzarello-written miniseries that has only released one issue so far. Odd scheduling. Here we have Central City as a corrupt hellhole where archfiend The Octopus rules with…eight figurative iron tentacles, I guess. Police Chief Dolan is scared to act, losing the respect of his crusading daughter Ellen. The only man willing to stand up against the criminals is The Spirit. He’s kind of an insouciant Batman, driven but droll, shaking down crooks for tips, or gathering info in disguise, striking blows against The Octopus’ operations without seeming to have any real overall plan. The bad guys do, though, sending for European assassin Angel Smerti, a deadly femme fatale. 

All this is pretty well in line with Eisner’s Spirit strip, aside from the corruption and general lack of humor. Moritat doesn’t have a great handle on Spirit’s face, but otherwise finds a good balance between modern and ’40s fashions, buildings and cars, and colorist Gabriel Bautista adds some great touches, like a convincing morning haze over the city. The fight sequence where the six panels spelled S-P-I-R-I-T was also done well, though no doubt done before. I also really liked how Moritat clearly drew everything. The city is from scratch, and every building’s contours clearly display the blessed imperfection of human hands instead of photoreferencing. He does a lot of nice work here, although the last page splash of Angel Smerti looks awkward, a group of body parts that don’t quite fit together. A respectable updating, not tremendously fun but enjoyable. There’s also a black-and-white backup story by O’Neil/Sienkiewicz involving two criminal brothers who’ve been estranged for years when one sold the other out. It’s a modest effort for O’Neil but not bad. Sienkiewicz makes a welcome return to interior pencils/inks but for every great panel there’s one that’s just plain confusing, killing the momentum. I like the b&w backup idea from past Batman books used here, though. 

Guardians of the Galaxy #25

Writers - Dan Abnett & Andy Lanning

Artist - Brad Walker

I like to pick up a semi-random comic now and then. Somewhere I’d heard this series was pretty good and filed that away, not exactly believing it. So this this issue proudly proclaims itself as the lead-in to The Thanos Imperative, so I figured it’d be a good jump-on point. And I suppose it is, as Abnett/Lanning throw a lot of exposition in there even in addition to the recap page. The exposition comes from a handful of similar-sounding characters, while there’s also a sarcastic, cowardly/pragmatic guy on the team for comic relief, and a huge, strong, dumb guy named Groot for fighting and a little more comic relief. I liked him best because his head looks like an uprooted tree and he didn’t talk as much as everyone else. 

I was wondering why there were so many characters, and as the story went on I learned that a couple other teammates had already died in previous issues, so now I get this series: cosmic Suicide Squad, although the team is made up not of supervillains but every ’70s space-faring character Marvel has to offer, from the forgettable (the entire original Guardians), Star-Lord, Rocket Raccoon (yes), Gamora, to always irritating Moondragon and Mantis, plus semi-charming Drax the Destroyer and the aforementioned treeface guy, Groot. I coulda sworn I saw Killraven in the crowd, too.

All those characters makes for some slow going—the issue was mainly just a prolonged fight (everyone taking turns) with a naked, grunty Thanos alternating with all the timestream exposition bullshit. Walker’s got a clean style but isn’t asked to do much here but stage the long and tedious fight. I didn’t think it was bad but can’t come up with much to recommend it.

The Brave & The Bold #33

Writer - J. Michael Straczynski

Artist - Cliff Chiang

Now this is a series I hadn’t heard good things about since JMS started writing it. I can’t speak for his prior issues, but this one’s pretty good, for the most part a very lightweight girls night out kind of story with Zatanna and Wonder Woman trying to show Batgirl a good time. Obviously it’s a past story, as this Batgirl is Barbara Gordon. I won’t spoil it, although it ends up more serious than it starts. It reads quite a bit like something Paul Dini would write, although I think he’d stay away from, well, again, I’d better not spoil it. Chiang’s work is always worth checking out, and he provides very clean, well-proportioned takes on the heroines. All this and a case of mistaken lesbianism. What’s not to like?

—Christopher Allen

Apr 22, 2010
Remembering The Conversation

As I’ve often written, Comic Book Galaxy has gone through many changes over the years. As we approach our tenth anniversary (on September 1st), I want to look back at some of the highlights of the site’s history. For me, one of the greatest moments was co-writing The Conversation with TWC co-editor Christopher Allen.

We only did three of them, but we had a blast writing them. Here they are:

Part One: Morrison, Moore and The Mainstream’s Inventors and Ingrates.
Part Two: The CrossGen Post-Mortem.
Part Three: Galactic Navel-Gazing.

That last piece finds us trolling through our memories of the earliest days of Comic Book Galaxy, an exercise in hubris, perhaps, but man, there’s a lot of memories there.

I hope you enjoy taking a look at some of these pieces, and I’m going to try to dig up some other hidden gems in the Galaxy archives as we get closer to the big 1-0.

— Alan David Doane

Apr 21, 2010
#meta #Posts by Alan David Doane
Getting the Most Out of Comic Book Galaxy

In September, Comic Book Galaxy will have existed for ten years. We’ve gone through four or five incarnations, but currently the site mainly serves as a gateway to my ADD Blog and the group blog Trouble with Comics, which I co-edit with Christopher Allen.

Looking at our main page, I realize that the site is very desperately in need of an overhaul, one that unifies all our various incarnations and allows easy access to all the great contributions we’ve hosted over the past ten years.

But until that happens, I thought it might be good to provide you with a post that gives you links to the most content-heavy pages on the site.

There are two main reviews pages: reviews by Alan David Doane (me), and reviews by other Comic Book Galaxy contributors. Between those two pages you’ll find links to many hundreds of reviews, and contributions by many well-known writers about comics.

There are two main commentary pages: essays by Alan David Doane (me), and essays by other Comic Book Galaxy contributors, notably Christopher Allen, Mike Sterling and Rob Vollmar, among others.

On the interviews page, you’ll find links to transcripts of many interviews conducted by myself and other folks over the years. There are also a handful of audio interviews that you can download on MP3 and enjoy at your leisure.

You’ll find even more writing in the archives on the sidebars of the old Blogger versions of The ADD Blog, Chris Allen’s blog (and check out his archived Movie Poop Shoot columns) and Trouble with Comics.

If you click some of these links, I think you’ll be surprised just how much writing has been archived over the years at Comic Book Galaxy. I wish I had the time and resources to better aggregate it all into one central (and easily used) location, but in the meantime, this post will have to do. I hope you’ll poke around and hopefully find some good writing you’ve never read before. 

— Alan David Doane

Apr 21, 2010
#meta #Posts by Alan David Doane
Guest Reviewer Month: Timothy Callahan on Nemesis #1

Millar & McNiven’s Nemesis #1

Published by Marvel/Icon
Writer: Mark Millar
Artist: Steve McNiven
Colorist: Dave McCaig
Letterer: Chris Eliopoulos
Cover: Lucio Parrillo
Cover Price: $2.99
Release Date: 3/24/10 

You have to admire Mark Millar’s audacity. 

No, really, you have to admire it. It’s a requirement. He forces it upon you, whether you like it or not. 

Here he is with Millar & McNiven’s Nemesis #1 — yes, that is the official title — and not only does it feature his name at the top, it has the same branding as Wanted and Kick-Ass, the same blocky white font on a field of black, the same “screw all y’all” attitude. Millar’s so sassy that he uses a tagline on the cover of the first issue that mocks his previous series, “Makes Kick-Ass Look Like S#!T,” it reads. Of course, it’s not genuine mockery, it’s just Millar’s way of reminding people that he is, in fact, responsible for Kick-Ass, the movie that’s due to come out around the same time as this completely unrelated comic. “By the writer of ‘Kick-Ass,’” would be a more appropriate label, but that would be lame. Not edgy. Not Millaresque. 

This is, after all, a comic that features a character shooting Uzis from atop a speeding Porsche on the cover. 

So you know it has to be cool. Who doesn’t like Uzis? Or Porsches? Or dudes with masks and capes? 

It’s like the Amazing Stories episode about the kid who had some magic gloop that would make pictures come to life, and he started spreading it around on girly magazines and cheesecake posters. That’s what Millar did to the posters in his adolescent bedroom, and this is the comic that was born. 

But that doesn’t mean I didn’t like this comic. 

Millar hyped this series, in his early interviews, as a kind of “What if Batman were the Joker?” or “What if Batman was a dude who wore white and went around killing people and Commissioner Gordon was like a super-cop who matched wits with this white-clad maniac?” He’s backed off that kind of talk in the months since, because, well, it’s a comic published by Marvel’s Icon imprint, and nobody likes a lawsuit. (Except lawyers, and if Millar were a lawyer, he would have advised himself not to say the things he says about his comics ripping off other comics.) 

And Millar also hyped this series as one of those “simple idea that no one’s ever thought of before” comics, like Kick-Ass, which was such an original idea that it traveled back in time and made Wild Dog forget it ever existed. But while Millar & McNiven’s Nemesis may not actually be that original — the entire character of the Crime Syndicate’s “Owlman” is based on the “What if Batman were evil?” premise, as I’m far from the first to point out — this opening issue has a purity to it. It’s primal. And, yes, it’s simple. 

But simple isn’t bad. And at least it has verve. It has an attitude about itself. It can’t help it, it’s a Mark Millar comic. 

The story starts with “Player One: Tokyo,” and it’s a game from the very first page. Nemesis (a villain who looks like a Batman in white, minus the ears, but he’s totally not an evil Batman, because that would be a copyright violation) holds the Tokyo police chief hostage, blows up some buildings, and runs a train off some tracks. That’s after the train plasters the chief’s body parts all over its front nose. It’s brutal and violent and establishes that Nemesis is (a) evil, (b) really evil, and (c) so evil it hurts. 

Contrast that with “Player Two: Washington,” with the introduction of super-awesome Chief Morrow who blows away some “crack-heads” who have apparently decided to hold up a supermarket that looks like a video store from the parking lot. Morrow’s like the Punisher crossed with Clint Eastwood and James Bond, but as a police chief. 

And he’s destined to be Nemesis’s nemesis. 

But first, Nemeis jumps on top of Air Force One (in flight), shoots the pilots in the face, takes control of the plane, and lands it on the city streets — I don’t know what city it’s supposed to be, since the in-story cues would signify Washington D. C. but it doesn’t look like Washington and there’s a “petrol” truck that, inevitably, gets blown up. Nemesis has taken the president hostage, and the final page of the issue shows the battered commander-in-chief on his knees, with Nemesis on a white throne behind him, re-enacting a bizarro version of the “Smell the Glove” cover shoot. 

If this sounds like a ridiculous comic book, well, it is. But it’s also pure comics. 

It’s pure comics in that way that people use the term “comic book” in a derogatory fashion, as in “that movie is so cliché, so broad, it’s like a comic book.” Sure, that’s an insult if you’re looking for depth and subtlety. But if you’re looking for archetypal characters doing ridiculous things, then comic books are a great place to look. Especially superhero comics. Especially ones written by Mark Millar. 

This comic is a pretty blatant movie pitch — Millar has positioned himself so that everything he does is a blatant movie pitch at this point — and it’s almost entirely drawn in widescreen panels by Steve McNiven (who, absent Dexter Vines on the inks, doesn’t look quite as good as he usually does), but, as a movie pitch, it makes a good comic book. It doesn’t tell it’s story in scenes. Instead, it uses images. This doesn’t have the substance of a movie, even a big dumb action movie. The manic pace of issue #1, properly filmed, would take about five minutes of screen time. It would be hostage-train-explosion-splat-gunshots-exposition-airplane-hijack-President-as-hostage back to back to back. It’s a music video on fast forward. 

That kind of pacing works well in a comic book, when each still panel can freeze the image and give us just the highlights. But a movie would have to show everything that happens between the panels. In other words, the boring stuff. 

This comic doesn’t have time for the boring stuff. It gives you the minimum of characterization — Morrow is “Oprah’s favorite cop,” bam, that’s all you need to know — and it doesn’t even try to capture any details of life as we know it. This is pure comics, in the way that Johnny Ryan’s Prison Pit was pure comics. In the way that Frank Miller and Todd McFarlane’s Spawn/Batman was pure comics. In the way that Gardner Fox and Howard Sherman’s Dr. Fate was pure comics.  

Millar & McNiven’s Nemesis #1 may look like a comic from today, but it’s a throwback to simpler times. When comics were about shooting and punching and blowing up stuff. And they didn’t aspire to be anything else. They just wanted to get your attention for a few minutes before you moved on to something more important, like filling out your tax returns or riding our bike to the corner store to buy a handful of penny candy.

Timothy Callahan is the author of Grant Morrison: The Early Years and edited the recent Teenagers from the Future. His column When Words Collide appears weekly at Comic Book Resources.

Apr 21, 20103 notes
#guest reviewer month #reviews
Daily Breakdowns 077 - Market Day

Market Day

Writer/Artist - James Sturm

Publisher - Drawn & Quarterly $21.95 USD

A fable set in the early 1900s in an Eastern Europe shtetl, Market Day finds rugmaker Mendleman taking his finely crafted rugs by donkey to market. Though still a young man, he has settled into a comfortable artisanal routine: Observe nature and draw ideas for rugs from it; make rugs in solitude and without interference, with personal expression and high quality the main goals; sell the rugs on Market Day to your appreciative patron, Finkler. But because comfortable routines don’t make for good stories, it’s obvious from the moment Mendleman leaves his house that something is going to be different about this Market Day.

The day begins well enough. Although his ruminations on the trip to market are fraught with anxiety over providing for his wife and child and what horrors might befall them if he wasn’t around, once Mendleman gets to town he is nearly intoxicated by the sights, sounds and smells of the market after his period of solitary labor. It’s obvious that the camaraderie and easy good humor Mendleman enters into with two fellow artisans is one of his favorite parts of Market Day, the timeless bullshitting and ball-busting men experience with each other part of the familiar ritual that leads them to their patron, Finkler, who sells only the highest quality wares and who has pushed the young rugmaker to raise his level of quality in order to be saleable. Mendleman has, then, come to think of Finkler not merely as his customer but as a combination of boss and father figure: he needs to please the man to make money for his family (moreso now that his wife is due to give birth any day now), but he also wants to please him. So when he and his comrades find that Finkler has suddenly and mysteriously sold the business to a young relative and left town, Mendleman feels not just his work routine broken but a deep loss. Sturm spends the rest of the book following Mendleman’s crisis. The proud refusal to sell cheap to the new purveyor is fine for his friends, but he can’t afford to make that choice, and so we witness his desperate journey to sell his merchandise to whoever will pay for it and at a fraction of what he had expected to get when the day began. Again he finds comfort and camaraderie with other men, commiserating over their lots and getting drunk, another timeless ritual, before he eventually must make his way home.

I didn’t mean to summarize so many of the plot points, but I honestly was enjoying spending some more time with the book. There is a meditative, calming quality to a period story like this, spare in text and paced with Old World tempo of footsteps and the creak of the donkey cart. Sturm is very good at slowing the reader down with panels rich in texture to take in. He draws vistas with thick lines and minimal clutter a la Seth, when it suits the story to do so, gets more detailed to indicate the varied activities of the crowd, and always spots his blacks extremely well to convey the seriousness of Mendleman’s situation, the darkness of his mental state.

Color is now a part of Sturm’s toolkit, earth tones naturally dominant, given the setting, the browns and olive changing to yellow variants to heighten physical action or express a moment of hope or the kindness of a stranger. Sturm shows little sympathy for the merchants, but the working men on the street are the salt of the Earth and have to stick together.

I was surprised to learn that Market Day began in Sturm’s mind as a children’s book, given how bleak and hopeless it seems. The ambiguous ending suggests Mendleman may sell his loom and abandon his art entirely, but a second reading, and careful study of the brighter colors suggests that after a night to sleep on it, he may rebound, maybe a little less naive. I guess I have to give Sturm credit for not being too obvious about it, but on the other hand, the book was depressing enough on the first read that I was reluctant to give it another go. 

Although camaraderie among men is a common theme in Sturm’s work, so is religion, and so it was unusually absent here, although it’s quite possible that that was Sturm’s intention. When Mendleman exits his home, the mezuza swings from the motion of the door, a possible suggestion that God is involved and maybe testing Mendleman, or alternately, that once Mendleman left the house, he left behind God’s protection. Either way, Mendleman gives little thought to God, even when he meets the rabbi, and when he is at his lowest, he doesn’t blame God, although he does seek guidance from another source, a fortune-teller. Perhaps this is another sign of how lost he is.

Beyond the pleasures of trying to root out symbols and religious themes, there are enough good things here (great drawing, sensitive coloring, tension, unusual setting, well-placed humor to make Mendleman more accessible) that the following may be nitpicking. However, I was a little confused by some of the choices, such as Mendleman picturing sperm surrounding an egg, or his medical journal-style imagining of his own full bladder—would a common man in those days have known what these things looked like? Likewise, although his speech is simple, in Mendlebaum’s narration he uses words like “furtively” and “respite” that seem too educated for a rural artisan. If Sturm was Mendleman, and certainly there are some parallels for an artist bringing his new book to market, I as Finkler might have told him to take some of the fancy, distracting threads out of his rug. But these are minor blemishes on what is otherwise an impressive, involving work made with great care.

—Christopher Allen

 

Apr 21, 2010
Guest Reviewer Month Update

April is Guest Reviewer Month here at Trouble with Comics, and I can’t tell you how pleased I am by both the volume and quality of the entries we received from the folks Chris Allen and I invited to take part. If you’re just joining us, you can click over to reviews by such comics internet luminaries as Roger Green, Johanna Draper-Carlson, Eric San Juan, Nina Stone, Jamie S. Rich, Jose Villarrubia, Chad Nevett, Box Brown, Grant Goggans and Bob Levin. There’s much more to come in this last third of Guest Reviewer Month, so please check in frequently and let us know how you’re enjoying all the reviews.

— Alan David Doane

Apr 20, 2010
#Guest Reviewer Month
Guest Reviewer Month - Bob Levin on Sitting Shiva for Myself

The fact we have a writer of Bob Levin’s stature agreeing to provide a review is due to his kindness and a “it can’t hurt to ask” attitude that I’ve carried through my life with a success rate of maybe 52%. Levin is not really a critic; he’s a journalist whose subject is primarily outsider cartoonists, those who have flouted conventions, rules and even copyright laws (or worse, depending on one’s verdict after reading Most Outrageous, his examination of the life, career and sexual abuse case against Hustler cartoonist Dwayne (“Chester the Molester”) Tinsley). I came to his work first through The Pirates and The Mouse: Disney’s War Against the Counterculture and felt it was an important effort because in my admittedly incomplete experience there hadn’t been many books about cartoonists that were very serious, that had a strong journalistic voice while credibly establishing their subject within the world around them. What was around was fun but fannish, or deadly dull. Levin has a sly wit that shows his allegiance to his subjects. He doesn’t glorify them or necessarily agree with their choices of windmills at which to tilt, but it’s clear there is rebellion in his heart. You get a small example of that in Most Outrageous, when pleads guilty to writing under the influence of Faulkner, or even here, where he offers a review not of a comic book or graphic novel, but of a collection of feuilletons, which he helpfully defines below. Dig the “Who…” paragraph, as he arrives at his own tumbling storytelling rhythm. It’s a great change of pace from his usual male obsessives, not that I can get enough of them. 

—Christopher Allen

Pretty as a Picture

When Christopher Allen asked me to contribute a review, my initial thoughts were: (1) I don’t have time; (2) when I do have time, my loyalties are to The Comics Journal; (3) I don’t read many comics or graphic novels; and (4) anyway, reviews aren’t my thing.  I believed that list damn convincing.  But he’d said nice things about my work, and when your sales figures are dwarfed by Sarah Palin’s dog’s manicurist’s memoirs, you need all the allies in the media you can get..  So I thought I’d review Eric Haven’s Aviatrix,which I meant to read anyway; but, literally, one moment later, I clicked from e-mail to The Comics Reporter, and there was Tom Spurgeon doing a better job than I could ever imagine.  (While I hesitate to speak for the Almighty, it sure looked like He was agreeing with me.)  Then I had another idea.  What if I reviewed the first non-graphic comic?  Whatever, Chris (more or less) said.

At least, identifying the FNGC wouldn’t require heavy time in the archives since, as far as I knew, I’d just invented the classification.  (If Marcel Duchamp could transform a snow shovel into art by declaring one to be such, I felt no shame in creating my own genre.)  And since I had beside my bed a book I wanted to plug – Sitting Shiva for Myself (Regent Press. $12.95), by Renee Blitz, the lap-swimmer at my pool with whom I have discussed Kafka – I figured why let the absence of any glyphic pen strokes forestall me from offing the proverbial dual birds.           

The more I thought about it, the more sense it made.  It seemed so datedly un-POMO, so small-minded and discriminatory to be a prisoner of such arbitrariness as “comic book” or “novel,” or “mischung der Werbetrager.”  In TCJ 300, no less a personage than Art Spiegelman, who has thought about comics as much as anyone, offers his belief that they should “deliver either an emotional charge… or a really new idea…”; and, really, isn’t that what any form of artistic expression is after?  When the words alone can’t provide the jolt, pictures may help; but if the words can deliver the juice, why should doodles or Rembrandt be required? And in Understanding Comics, Scott McCloud kvells about the collaboration that occurs between medium and audience in the “space” between the panels, and if space is so blinking important, why rely on other people’s pictures to fill it?  Readers who work their own imaginations will get all the wattage they desire by applying them to what goes on between – or above – Blitz’s feuilletons.  

Which, Webster’s Ninth Collegiate tells us, are short literary compositions of “familiar tone and reminiscent content.”  (Wikipedia adds they are usually  reflective, humorous, ironic, and, while focused “on cultural… social and moral issues,” “extremely subjective in their conclusions.”)  In “Shiva,” Blitz offers one hundred of the ironic, subjective little buggers in one hundred eighteen pages.[1]  Think of them as panels, with words-to-image relationships slightly more than those of Al Feldstein.  Think of a narrative no less plotted than Martin Vaughn-James’s The Cage, a recognized illustrated masterpiece, against whose walls I am still banging my head, trying to dislodge the sense within them.

Most of Blitz’s feuilletons are written in the first person.  The narrator is usually a woman.  (Those written in the third person are usually about a woman.  Those that are narrated by or are about a man usually concern his relationship with a woman.)  These women, nearly always unnamed, share enough characteristics that it is not irrational to think of them as the same.  (If you are with me in accepting the feuilletons as panels, think of them as having been drawn by an unsteady hand, as, for example, Aline Kominsky-Crumb’s wavering versions of herself.)  The woman is usually (if not always) Jewish.  She is usually in her seventies, alone, with two (or three) ex-husbands, discarded for their lack of tenderness or beauty or humor, or for fucking her best friend or not washing before bed.  She has an adult daughter (or two) who displeases her for one reason or another – drugs, Jesus, radical lesbianism, the grievances against her they still carry, like snails their shells.  She is from New York, a family of leftist butchers and furriers, and has attended Hunter College, when she was hot and young and still displayed the possibility of brilliance.  She lives in Berkeley, has had no career, may write.  She has (sometimes) a schizophrenic daughter who resides in Section Eight housing and smears feces on its walls.  She has (sometimes) an adored dog which shits on the four corners of the white towel on the bathroom floor.  She has been in psychoanalysis for five (or seven) years.  She eats chocolate croissants, deep fried egg rolls, Twinkies, Snickers, salami sandwiches, instead of crucifers and green leafy vegetables.  She is seen at home in a soiled, flannel nightgown, shredded house slippers, old, smelly robe, walking back and forth,” kvetching oy veh.”

Who, when she needs a housekeeper, hires an ex-Thai streetwalker, who may or may not steal her Fieldcrest linen.  Who, desiring companionship, invites into her home the entire One World Indignant Family commune, which had, for political reasons, split from the One World Happy Family commune.  (It does not work out.)  Who, during a psychic reading, hears her husband in the next room cracking chicken bones with his teeth, sucking out the marrow.  Who visits a doctor who seems to practice “obnoxious behavior,” not internal medicine.  Who hears “the sounds of death coming out of the walls at 3:30 a.m.”  Who recalls herself as “a sad young girl, apart, out on a limb, too young for mourning, in my own dream of childhood, my own teddy bear dream of toy drums and erasers, peppermint sticks and love.” Who believes conversation is “only there in the first place to charm, delight, enchant, open the portals away from self-disgust, wretchedness, rancidity.”  Who, “watching the time of day go by on the livingroom walls,” thinks “ no one wants to talk about that…  Maybe Marcel Proust, but he’s French, they talk about anything.”  Who reports herself “traumatized by sight seeing”; unable to know if she has seen the right things and had the right thoughts, she fears that if she “told someone what my good time was, they would run from me, hilarious.”  Who asks herself “what have you learned in a lifetime of reading, thinking, conversation, hanging on the phone with mere acquaintances for hours, 1000 Buddhist Sermons on Nothingness, Shakespeare’s Sonnets, and your subscription to The New Yorker which, by the way, has run out and needs renewing.”  Who instructs us “if you want to write, just remember… no describe, no explain, no narrate, yes to ambiance yes to music, only an impression, no certainty, elusive, disappearing like the Cheshire Cat, like life.”

Sometimes, my wife Adele, the psychoanalytic critic formerly known to my readers as “Ruth Delhi,” says, when dialogue between the characters takes over these pieces, it is impossible to tell who is speaking.  Differences break down.  Boundaries dissolve.  You feel the need each person has for the other – wife and husband, mother and daughter – despite the horrors accrued between them.  Having the relationship is better than the alternative – is preferable to the void.  Blitz is, Adele believes, “a genius at what she does.”             

But what about pictures, you ask.  Well, what about “those beat-up middle aged Japanese waitresses tortured by failed love, their black mascara bleeding onto their anguished faces, black hair coiffed in the Japanese manner, red kimonos with huge redflower giant-size poisonous poppy petals open to the ultimate swoon of death, vulvas choking into your throat, everything working together, the sash, the cummerbund, the little flapping pack on their tush running with small feet”?  What about the woman with “the rigors of age upon me, the dowager’s hump, the turkey neck, no waistline, flab all over,” hiding in a blanket, trying to conceal herself with red silk panties from the inquiring eyes of her ex-husband’s other ex-wife’s teenage daughter, detailed by her mother to reassure her of the narrator’s decrepitude?  Hey, they’re there in blinking black-and-white.

In Shiva Blitz circles sorrow, peaks beneath its covers, measures it, pinches the flesh between its ribs, embraces it, yet resists its call to utter despair.  One laughs at the grotesques she reveals at the same time one winces.  One is delighted by the rhythm of her sentences, the flash of her ideas, as they pound like nails into one’s foot.  She has compressed the ordinary within her vise to highlight life’s irreducible absurd.  She has polished the commonplace with sparkling language and dissonant punctuation and Thelonious Monk’s angular glide.  She has turned her lyrical ear to loneliness, her anointing eye to grief.

Blitz’s book has been self-published.  Until now, as far as I or Google know, it has gone unreviewed.  She has been solicited to give no readings.  Yet I recommend Shiva highly.  Blitz is a profound artist – serious, unique – giving us her best.  Check it out.  Books without pictures – BOP! POW! – they aren’t just for egg-headed intellectuals any more.

[1]Anti-Semitic literary critics of fin-de-siecle Europe found the form well-suited for Jews, whom, they believed, lacked the capacity to fully analyze and deeply understand the world.  And how could we, asked Blitz in one of our conversations.  Being locked out, how could we understand the world’s truth and meaning?

Bob Levin is the author of The Best Ride to New York (novel), Fully Armed (biographic fiction), The Pirates and the Mouse (non-fiction), Outlaws, Rebels, Pirates, Freethinkers & Pornographers (essays), and Most Outrageous (non-fiction). His short stories and articles have appeared in a variety of publications, including Massachusetts Review, Carolina Quarterly, Karamu, Spin, New Republic, and Cavalier. His writings have won awards from Pushcart Press, CCLM, the San Francisco Bar Association, and the NEA. He is a long time contributing writer to The Comics Journal. 

Apr 20, 2010
#guest reviewer month #Bob Levin
Farewell to The Boys

How long does it take most people to realize that a relationship is no longer working?

I mean a relationship that used to have some meaning — a relationship that shared laughs, thrills and wonder; a relationship that saw both parties grow and change and yet still respect and enjoy one another; a relationship that once had so much going for it.

How long does it take before someone shouts, “Damnit, get me the hell out of here!!”

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Or, to put it in a perspective that we can all understand, how long does it take a comic collector to resist the compulsive and near-irresistible need to have a ‘complete set’ and stop collecting a series?

Well, for me it’s taken four years.

Or, to express it in comic book terms, it has been forty-one issues and two specials. Therefore it has taken me exactly forty-three issues in total before I called it quits.

That’s how long it’s taken me to realize that I’m finished with the superhero satire called The Boys.

And for me it’s particularly sad because writer Garth Ennis and I used to have such a wonderful relationship.

I first encountered Ennis via John Constantine. And then the relationship continued with The Demon, Hitman and Preacher.

When Ennis arrived on the North American comic scene he displayed an amazing ability to craft tales filled with wildly obscene ideas but still balance those elements with compassion and camaraderie between his characters.

Preacher would have Arseface and the in-bred descendent of Jesus Christ (the latter well before Dan Brown’s much prettier heroine in The DaVinci Code) balanced with the passion between Jesse and Tulip and their difficult, complicated friendship with the vampire Cassidy.

Hitman had the Ace of Killers, Baytor and zombie zoo animals balanced with Tommy’s relationship with Tiegel and all the guys at Noohan’s Bar.

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And in Hellblazer Ennis wrote about the political evils of London, the demons of Hell and a cancer-ridden Constantine — complete with him giving Satan the finger — but balanced it all with the surprisingly poignant relationship between John and Kit.

It was his run on Hellblazer that displayed how masterful Ennis was in his ability to juggle various bizarre and violent storylines with characters who had strong friendships and romances. Before Ennis took over the series, Constantine oozed with swagger and attitude, but Ennis introduced a vulnerability to the character than hadn’t been seen previously. He was still a bastard and was perfectly described when he was told, “You’re a man who inspires the maximum loyalty for the minimum effort” and yet he was surrounded by people who, no matter how awful and dangerous he could be, would still call him a friend. And it was this theme of friendship and its rewards and challenges that would be constant throughout Ennis’ best work.

Perhaps the most amazing thing about Ennis’ popularity is that he managed to gain mainstream recognition without writing a bestselling superhero comic book.  The whole notion of Infinite Invasions or a Secret Siege Crisis is alien to Ennis’ style of writing.  When Green Lantern or Batman made an appearance in Hitman it was as if the heroes were intruding on Tommy and his friends.  And when Superman guest-starred it was a tale told with a uniquely Ennis perspective (the two characters sat on a rooftop and chatted about what Superman means to America) and earned Ennis and artist John McCrea that year’s Eisner for Best Single Issue.

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The cornerstone of many of Ennis’ stories consisted of characters simply chatting with each other. They would be funny, strange and wondrous in their conversations. Their stories could be macabre and disgusting, but the characters would be so interesting that it made for compelling reading.

It was an amazing high wire act that few other writers have been able to achieve, but with The Boys it seems like Ennis has lost his ability to balance these elements and has finally come crashing to the ground.

The Boys is (supposedly) a satire of superhero comic books and in the crooked mirror that Ennis is holding we see how twisted and deprived superheroes would be if they existed in the real world. And in the process Ennis gets to mock the X-Men, Justice League, Legion of Super-Heroes and other superhero groups and their clichés.

Because Ennis wrote some of my favorite books, I was initially enthusiastic about this project. His work at Marvel with The Punisher left me cold, but with this book I saw an opportunity for him to work without the restraints of a corporate editor. And when DC/Wildstorm let the book go to another publisher because of its controversial nature, it was an opportunity for Ennis to do whatever he wanted in the series.

And perhaps that is the book’s greatest problem: an unrestrained Ennis is not necessarily a good thing.

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It was the mini-series Herogasm that was the first hint that things weren’t working in our relationship. It was a six issue series that had the world’s superheroes faking an interstellar crisis so they could all retreat to a hotel to do drugs and have tons and tons of sex. (And, wow, doesn’t the story sound crass and immature when it’s described that way?)

Issue two actually broke my comic collecting habit: it was early in the issue when two of the prostitutes who had been hired to service the superheroes are talking in a swimming pool. One points over to the other and informs her that she’s bleeding and it’s probably due to all the super-sexual pounding she has been forced to endure. The hooker quickly leaves the pool and does not make another appearance in the series.

I have to assume that the scene was supposed to be a comment on how cruel these so-called ‘heroes’ could be, but at that point I stopped reading the issue and didn’t even bother to buy the rest of the mini-series. I saw no reason to keep reading a story that was on the same level of sophistication as a community theatre production of Showgirls. 

But, because of the long relationship Ennis and I share, I persevered with the regular series. I hoped that Ennis had merely strayed off the path with the mini-series. Herogasm was crude and over the top, but I trusted that there would be a more steady hand in the on-going book.

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Back at the regular series, the back story of the main characters was slowly unfolding. In comic book terms, he was telling their secret origins. And, after revealing how one of the characters earned his codename, it is then illustrated that to comfort himself he hires hookers and, after having sex, he pays them extra so he can suckle on their breasts — hence the character’s name, “Mother’s Milk”. And there, in living color, we get to watch a grown man nurse on the breast of a prostitute.

For me, after the disappointment of Herogasm, that was strike two.

The final straw occurred in issue #41. One of the heroes explains in graphic detail why he was kicked off his last superteam: he’s a shape-shifter, he wanted to have sex with the leader’s girl friend and so he impersonated him.

The character continues, “Trouble was, she’d never tried anal before. And she ended up liking it quite a bit. So the next time she’s in the sack with the real him, it’s ‘Oooh, do me like you did last night’… and… well. One thing led to another.”

The other character then sarcastically responds, “That’s a lovely story.”

And for me, that was it. Strike three. I’m done. I’m outta here.

Do I really need to read an anecdote about a character impersonating someone and then tricking someone else into having anal sex? Or see a grown man breastfeeding himself with a prostitute? Or read about two prostitutes as they about how insensitive and dangerous (super) johns can be?  

I realize that those three examples are little throwaway bits and are insignificant in the grand scheme of the story — but that is exactly what makes them so annoying.

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Preacher is populated with a quirky cast of characters with twisted stories and fetishes (the ghost of John Wayne, the astronaut-wannabe who wrote “Fuck You” to the heavens, Odin Quincannon and his love of meat), but there is an overriding theme in the book that the three main characters were trying to find some good – good within themselves, in their friends, in the world. The appeal of that series, and perhaps Ennis’ greatest ability as a writer, is that no matter how weird, violent or fucked-up it all might get, there was always the possibility of acceptance, forgiveness and even redemption.

But I can see none of that in The Boys.

Perhaps by the end of the series (which Ennis says will probably run to sixty issues) there will be some payoff that will have made the journey worthwhile. But I can’t stick around for another twenty issues. Not when he’s asking me to wade through so much puerile and pointless trash.

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It is strange to note how Hellblazer, Hitman and Preacher (now all more than ten years old) all read as if they were written by a more experienced writer when compared to his most current work. Ennis once used to push the envelope with his storytelling, but now his stories read like they were written by a self-indulgent frat boy who marvels at the crudeness he creates and can’t wait to show all his friends how naughty he has been. 

The Boys is the story of superheroes who are unrestrained in their hungers, ambitions and depravities. Their existence makes the world an ugly and dangerous place. They do unspeakable damage and must be stopped.

And with issue #41 that’s just want I am going to do.

Just stop.

— Kevin Pasquino

Apr 19, 20102 notes
#Posts by Kevin Pasquino #reviews
Guest Reviewer Month - Grant Goggans on Charley's War

I like Grant Goggans’ taste, and envy his cool, alliterative name. I also like his writing, which is always clean and efficient, “simple and spoiler-free,” as he says at the beginning of every review. But while Goggans does a bang-up job reviewing just about anything, I most enjoy his reviews of British comics from the ’70s to today. You want to know the best Judge Dredd collection to start with? Check Grant’s blog. Doctor Who? The blog. And hey, you ever heard of this great black-and-white war comic called Charley’s War?

—Christopher Allen

The saddest scene I’ve ever seen in a comic comes when a young soldier loses his best friend to the Germans, and, shellshocked, spends a few heartbreaking panels finding the words to tell an insensitive miltary policeman what it is that he’s carrying. It’s a pivotal scene from Pat Mills and Joe Colquhoun’s Charley’s War, and if you can read it without a lump rising to your throat, then that’s all the evidence needed that you’re a soulless vampire, in need of a stake through the heart.

Charley’s War debuted in December, 1978, in the 200th issue of Battle Picture Weekly, and immediately made a statement that it was going to be a bold and challenging read. As we’ll see, Battle never shied away from controversial characters or issues, but World War One had proven itself a very unpopular subject for adventure-oriented comic strips, and the story’s launch saw the artist Joe Colquhoun removed from Johnny Red, the book’s most popular feature for the previous two years. The easiest decision for Battle’s editors would have been keeping Colquhoun on the existing, proven success, rather than putting him on something so radically different.

Battle was launched by the publisher IPC in 1975 and was, from its outset, unlike any comic that Britain’s newsstands had ever seen, mixing hard-hitting war stories with achingly believable characters. True, features with haughty antiheroes were nothing new; in the mid-sixties, characters like the Spider, the Steel Claw and Janus Stark were thrilling young readers by either working outside the law or in opposition to it. There were exceptions, like the square-jawed, heroic, indestructible Tim Kelly, but he seemed to be outnumbered by all the dark and macabre protagonists of these stories. Dollman, a super-genius who controlled dozens of robots, might have been a good guy, but he was also badly needing a padded cell.

None of these offbeat characters, however, operated during wartime. British adventure strips, regardless of who published them, could have been set anywhere and in any time and featured any kind of oddball antihero, but prior to Battle, you could be guaranteed that a wartime protagonist would be a flawless patriot, valiantly defending Britain from the Hun. It took publishers until 1975 to try out characters who weren’t acting as role models during the war. The Rat Pack was made up of four convicts, any of whom might have gone AWOL with stolen Nazi gold at any opportunity. Major Eazy was so laid back and disrespectful to his commanding officers that he routinely drew letters of complaint from outraged kids. Joe Darkie, operating an illegal guerrilla war in Burma, would routinely murder any pressganged Tommy who disagreed with him. Johnny Red was drummed out of flight school after accidentally killing a commanding officer and began his strip swabbing decks on a merchant marine ship, Even the comparatively upright, role-model-type Bootneck Boy spent all of his stories ferretting out black marketers and bloodthirsty American soldiers.

Battle, therefore, knocked convention and expectations for a complete loop. It was a huge success and made D.C. Thomson’s rival paper, Warlord, look stilted and dull by comparison. Yet even with its willingness to challenge young readers by presenting morally shady protagonists, there’s still an underlying respect for the people who act heroically, and a clear antagonist for them in the Nazis. War isn’t glamorized, but it’s shown, believably, as a necessary evil.

Charley’s War was the first strip to stand up and say that actually, it isn’t even necessary, either. It was an emphatic, pointed attack on the establishment that permitted and enabled the chaos. Certainly, including anti-war themes in comics wasn’t a radically new approach - Harvey Kurtzman’s Frontline Combat had taken a similar viewpoint almost 25 years earlier - but Charley’s War took it to new levels for an ongoing strip with regular characters, especially one with characters as sympathetic and wonderful as these.

In the strip’s first episode, we’re introduced to Charley Bourne, a poorly-educated Londoner, sixteen years old, who decides to lie about his age and enlist. This puts him in the front lines just a few weeks before the Battle of the Somme. From there, it’s an exciting, heartbreaking look at life in the trenches, with missions into No Man’s Land punctuated by gas attacks, new technology, cowardly officers, ratcatching, squalor, despair, mud and, somehow, a little optimism and hope.

Bourne’s world is realized by some of the very best art that any war comic has ever been fortunate enough to see. Joe Colquhoun captures everything in his pages, filling his backgrounds with the intricate details of the trenches. There are absolutely no shortcuts in Colquhoun’s compositions; every panel is just packed densely with linework. Nor did Colquhoun ever get around depicting the grim violence of war via panels with a pair of helmets in the air instead of soldiers getting shot, as you often saw in 1970s American war comics.

Pat Mills was very lucky to have Colquhoun to illustrate his scripts. As noted above, the artist had spent two years drawing the adventures of Johnny Red, which was left in the capable hands of John Cooper. Mills himself had actually been away from Battle for some time, after launching the comic and devising its initial seven series, and was writing Ro-Busters for Starlord, later to be folded into 2000 AD, while researching this story. He wrote the series until January 1985, penning 294 episodes before a dispute over researching fees ended his involvement with Battle, leaving writer Scott Goodall to continue the story for a further 86 installments of an older Charley fighting in World War Two.

Mills’ run on Charley’s War is arguably the highest point in a career just full of peaks and pinnacles. There’s a humanity to this series that’s very unique in comics, with both the British and German lines filled with believable, sympathetic, terrified characters. The terror is perhaps the most important part. Fear of death makes people act without logic or sense, and when coupled with power, it turns people into monsters, willing to act with inhuman cruelty towards others. The British officers who happen to be stationed far behind the lines are inured against the carnage in the trenches, but the men they have in harm’s way abuse their power constantly. Charley narrowly avoids being shot in the head for falling asleep on sentry duty at one point, and is sent on punishment detail to be strapped onto the wheels of a huge cannon at another. When the trenches are overrun, Charley’s company, in an underground bunker, is ordered out one at a time for individual executions, a scene of needless brutality that illustrates how desperate men can resort to inhuman cruelty to relieve stress.

Charley’s War is a mostly linear story, beginning in 1916, but it takes a fascinating detour about 18 months into its run to tell the story of “Blue,” a deserter from the French Foreign Legion, and his experience at Ft. Vaux at Verdun, a few months before Charley enlisted. In this storyline, Charley, while on leave, meets Blue in London while he’s on the run from military police, and agrees to hear his story. It’s an amazing tale of desperation, with the men trapped under siege for weeks without reinforcements and supplies running low. It’s so bleak that, when Charley returns to the front, it’s almost as though Mills was showing mercy to the readers.

Titan Books has been collecting Charley’s War in a series of annual hardcover albums, each of which reprint 25-30 episodes. They’re gorgeous editions, and full of supplementary information including new forewords and episode-by-episode commentary by Mills, and historical background to the war. The reproduction is mostly very good, although some of the episodes from 1980-81 which originally had color pages suffer a little bit from the grayscale treatment. The sixth of these books was released in October of last year, and they have been so successful for Titan that they have slowly expanded their line of reprints from the comic’s archives, issuing a Best of Battle omnibus last year, and planning to release the first in a proposed series of Johnny Red hardcovers in the spring. The Charley’s War series is one that every good library should own, and should not be too difficult for curious readers to track down.

Grant Goggans reviews graphic novels at Hipster Dad’s Bookshelf, and other things here

Apr 19, 20101 note
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